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The two types of standard transistors are PNP and NPN which differs in circuit symbols. The layers of semiconductor material used to make the transistor are denoted by the letters. To keep a straight ...

I was digging around in the LM311 (and LM111, LM211) comparator data sheet, and came across this unusual voltage reference (diag right). It consists of an npn cascsode pair of transistors, the top one ...

If we were to identify one component as “the building block of computers,” it would have to be the Transistor. Invented at Bell Labs in 1947, the transistor is a small electronic device used in all ...

[Andrew Gibiansky] has just started a tutorial series called Computing with Transistors. It’s purpose is to pull back the many veiled layers between high level languages and the controlling of ...

Transistors are the magical electronic components that make your computer, smartphone and virtually every other gadget on the planet function—but how the hell do they work? One word: semiconductors.

Without transistors the modern world would simply not exist. But how do they work, and how do modern, atomic sized versions compare with the originals? The word "transitor" has become almost invisible ...

Manufacturing companies, particularly those that mass-produce electronic circuits, work pretty much around bipolar junction transistors, like PNP and NPN. However, choosing between these two BJTs can ...